Studies on Herbal Constitutents Active against Snakes Venom by In Vivo and In Vitro Methods

Abstract

In the obtainable investigation selected medicinal plant was found to have neutralization of snake venom activities. The aerial parts of M.quadrifolia had been extracted successively by using soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol. newlineIn preliminary phytochemical appraisal alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, saponins were found in the methanol extract of M.Quadrifolia. Total phenol content and flavanoids content were estimated. Presence of phenol and flavanoid might be answerable for their potential neutralization of snake venom. newlineThus, methanol extract were focused for further investigation. 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one was isolated from methanol extract of M.Quadrifolia. newlineAcute toxicity study established that the plants M.Quadrifolia dose not shown any sign of abnormalities and mortality even at maximum dose in experimental animals for a period of 48hrs initially and then during a week observation. Invitro antivenom studies promosing neutralization action of the plant extract, several invitro studies done in methanol extract of M.Quadrifolia have shown venom PLA2 inhibition activity, fibrinolysis induced protease inhibition and inhibition of venom induced procoagulant activity as major antivenom. newlineThe in vivo studies on M.Quadrifolia methanol extract and isolated compounds shown promising venom neutralizing activities against N. kaouthia and R. viper venom. Snakebite cases are very frequent in the rural areas and the fatalities die to lack of suitable treatment and high cost. Herbal antidotes if administered in proper dose levels and occurrence might prove effective in saving a valuable life. The present investigation was an exploit to identify the M.Quadrifolia, having antivenom activity. The present study continual to explore aerial parts of M.Quadrifolia as it was whispered that there are more compounds present in the extract having greater snake venom neutralizing capacity.