CAUSES AND FACTORS of FARMERS SUICIDE IN ODISHA SINCE 1990 A human rights perspective

Abstract

The issue of farmer suicide in India is rising every year. High personal indebtedness of farmers stemming from changes in cropping patterns, plant resistance to pesticides and hence increased spending on pesticides, a shift from low-cost food crops to high-cost cash crops, lack of access to institutional credit and a shift of government policy focus away from agriculture have been identified as major reasons for farmer suicide. Farmers suicide rising rate throughout India brought many adverse changes in India s farming community including increasing poverty and limited livelihood opportunity. This trend also continues in Odisha and the agrarian distress draws a negative impact on the farmers fundamental human rights. In this context, this work seeks to explore the agrarian crisis in Odisha and how it contributes to farmer s suicide. It also analyzes the role of the state and non-state actors in response with the problem of farmer suicide. newlineIndia s Economy is largely based on depend on Agriculture since independence. Green revolution was one of the major initiatives taken to reform the traditional agricultural sector. An attempt was made to make it more modern with use of new technologies. According to Mahatma Gandhi The future of India lies in its village going somehow wrong in this decade. People are more likely to stay in Urban area rather than village, urban area population increased day by day vice versa with rural population. With changing trend of population, nature of work and agricultural production decreased day by day. Word of Our former Prime minister Jay Jawan Jay Kisan now struggling for keep its relevance. The growth rate in agriculture has been decelerating, public investment in that sector has been slowing down and terms of trade of agriculture remain under pressure. Many times, farmers fail to repay the full amount or a part of loans and major chunk remains outstanding. Apart from these outstanding loans, farmers borrow money for next crop operation, but farmers are not able to repay