Second Language Acquisition through Developmental Speaking A Study on Cognitive Approach

Abstract

Speech and language are the skills being used to communicate with others. These skills are formed even during the first year of life. Most children learn the basics by age six. Talking and reading to the child boosts these skills. Speech is something that is made up of the sounds to become words - the physical act of talking. Language is the system of using words to communicate which includes using words and gestures to say what the speaker means, and understanding what others say. Speaking depends on listening. Everyone has to listen to be an effective speaker. Infants start learning in the womb, where they hear and respond to familiar voices. The fastest learning occurs from the age of two to five years. Speaking needs resources that are naturally available to every living thing from nature. The direct and useful method of communication is the speaking skill. The activities can be used to focus on the learning and exact skill like speaking or working out new vocabulary. Improvement of speaking skill needs a lot of practice and motivation to speak. It leads the learners to have creative thinking. Developmental speaking is a process and not a product. It is an art of learning a language without bothering much about grammatical clusters. Learning process is done as if a child picks up language from the parents. Brain storming activities and Mind maps are the key factors. A word is earned and a sentence is formed with the word. From the sentence, a paragraph is prepared and then article or essay is prepared. Developmental speaking processes include pre-speaking, actual speaking and post speaking. newlineA cognitive approach of learning makes the second language acquisition a conscious and reasoned thinking process, involving the deliberate use of learning strategies. Learning strategies are special ways of processing information that enhance comprehension, learning or retention of information. The strenuous practice of speaking makes the language learning as an unconscious and automatic process. Relevant activities inc