Effectiveness of vancomycin among methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in rural and urban tertiary care centres

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to know the effectiveness of newlinevancomycin among methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), establish reliable newlinemethod to determine the vancomycin susceptible S. aureus (VSSA), newlinevancomycin intermediate resistant S. aureus (VISA), vancomycin resistant S. newlineaureus (VRSA), evaluation of its drug resistance and useful antibiotics for its newlineinfections in rural tertiary care centre (R-TCC) and urban tertiary care centre newline(U-TCC). It is concluded that S. aureus causing pyogenic infection has no newlineassociation with age and gender. VanA gene loci is plasmid mediated and newlinehorizontal gene transfer from one bacterium to other in gram positive bacteria newlineand which is not related to methicillin sensitive or resistance. For detection of newlineVRSA strains any one method can be used out of three method i.e. agar newlinedilution (AD), E-test (ET) and PCR (vanA gene) methods but disc diffusion newline(DD) method is not found reliable in both centres. In case of VISA strains, newlinePCR is the only and best method for detection in both centres. Antimicrobial newlineresistance in VRSA strains showed high resistance, VISA strains showed newline- 110 - newlinemoderate resistance and VSSA showed least drug resistance in both centres newlinerespectively, R-TCC showed more drug resistance as compared with U-TCC. newlineIt indicates that rural population suffers from the emergence of superbug newlinebacterial infections. This can be controlled by good infection control, newlineconservative infection measures, prudent use of antibiotics, and good newlinehygiene. Finally, the present study reveals if vancomycin is stopped for about newlinefor a certain period, the vancomycin resistance gene (VanA) in plasmid will be newlinereverted in future. Otherwise drug resistance may occur shown in the present newlinestudy. It will be a boon in future, providing an important antibiotic for critical newlinecare conditions newline