Development of Fungal Preparations for Accelerated Degradation of Malathion and Parathion in Soil

Abstract

Agriculture is not only the back bone of any country but also the very reason behind the starting and shaping of the human civilization. It was by the introduction of agriculture that human being learnt how to grow food and gave up his hunting and gathering life style thus deciding to have a settled life. This led to the gigantic increase in the human population from five million to more than seven billion in a very short time (10 thousand years) in geological time scale. With the population explosion the pressure on the agricultural production also increased which led to increase in agricultural land, but that was not enough as the biggest threat to the agricultural production was from the loss due to insects and other microbial diseases. This compelled human being to develop insecticide to fight against these unwanted guests. It is estimated that there are about 10,000 species of insects and 1,000 species of nematodes affecting our crop plants. It is seen that after green revolution the loss due to residual level of insecticide in India has increased in crops likes, rice, maize, potato, wheat, barley, soybean, etc. newline