Cross Layer Approach for Route Discovery in MANET

Abstract

A mobile adhoc network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes forming a temporary newlinenetwork without using any centralized access point, infrastructure, or centralized administration. newlineIt is featured by mobility, temporary network and multihop communication. The nodes in newlineMANET intercommunicate through single-hop and multihop paths in a peer-to-peer fashion since newlineevery node has limited transmission range. Intermediate nodes between a pair of communicating newlinenodes can transmit, receive and provide route to packets. Thus, the nodes operate as a host as well newlineas a router in MANET. The nodes are mobility sensitive and battery constrained, therefore the newlinerouting paths are affected by the addition or deletion and battery power of nodes. The topology of newlinethe network may change rapidly and unexpectedly. Thus, the challenges of MANET are dynamic newlinetopology (route failure) and limited resources (processing ability, battery power). newlineGenerally, a hierarchical traditional architecture is used for data transmission in which only newlineadjacent layers can communicate with each other. The parameters of protocol stack depend on newlineeach other. The hierarchical design is insufficient to cope. with the dynamics of adhoc networks. newlineCross layer architecture has emerged as a promising approach. The cross layering breaks the newlineboundaries of protocol stack to improve the performance of the network. It allows all the layers to newlineexchange their information with each other. The careful exploitation of cross-layer protocol newlineinteraction leads to more efficient performance of the protocol stack. newlineThe data is transmitted between two nodes through multiple hops. The nature of MANET is newlinehighly dynamic which results in frequent and unpredictable changes in the network topology, newlineincreasing the complexity of routing among nodes. The proactive, reactive and hybrid routing newlineprotocols are used for this. Reactive routing protocols are more popular due to less cache newlinerequirement and overhead.