Glycaemic Control with low Glycaemic preparations of Kerala Cuisine in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

newlineType 2 Diabetes Mellitus, is the most common form of DM characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency(Maitra A, 2005). People with type 2 diabetes are more vulnerable to both short- and long-term complications, which often lead to premature death. It is estimated that 439 million people would have type 2 DM by the year 2030(Chamnan et al., 2011). DM has been on a steady ascending trajectory within low-and middle-income countries. Analysis of data, covering the period 2011 to 2014, of the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System, highlighted the a higher incidence of self-reported diabetes among Asians (9.9 %) than Caucasians (8 %) (Kirtland, Cho and Geiss, 2015). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes varies as a result of environmental and lifestyle risk factors (Zimmet, Alberti and Shaw, 2001). The cumulative occurrence of T2DM in Kerala, a state in southern India, was 21.9 %, showing a steep rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus in developing countries (Vijayakumar et al., 2019). Nutrition transition and its effect on health Nutritional transition commonly refers to the diversion from traditional native diets towards foods higher in fats, meats and sugar. As countries become more industrialized, there is a rise in sedentary lifestyle accompanied by rises in diet-related non-communicable disease. In recent decades, the rapid transition has been observed, not only among advanced economies, but developing and low income countries (Popkin, Adair and Ng, 2012). Asia, home to half of the world s population, and the fastest growing region economically, is explicitly susceptible to the detrimental aspects of this nutrition transition. Albeit the incidence of malnutrition has been on a receding trend in Asia, the frequencies of overweight and obesity are on a rapid rise, particularly in Southeast Asia. The burden of dietary disease including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and dietrelated cancers has also been on a notable ascent. More than half of deaths in Southeast Asia is due to non