Study On Biological Synthesis Of Metallic Nanoparticles And Their Application For Antibacterial Activities

Abstract

This thesis is devoted to study on The Biological Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Application for Antibacterial Activities . The nano biotechnology field for nanoparticles applications covers a vast area of interest for scientists from various disciplines of science and technology including biology, biochemistry, biophysics and biotechnology. newlineRecently the antibiotic resistance is an emergent problem and creates limitations of the antibiotic use. Bacteria have the ability to develop resistance by modifying their structure when they are exposed antibiotics at higher concentration with over long period of time duration. The nanomaterials have synergistic effects in combination with of antibiotics and work as broad spectrum antibacterial agents. Nanocomposits are synthesized against MDR (Multidrug resistance) strain of microbes/bacterial strains. newlineEukaryotic cells generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). In limited amount it is required for safety of cells but in high concentration, the ROS damages the cells and restricted their normal function. For example, Alzheimer disease is caused by bacterial infection and it generate ROS in particular cells. It will damage the cells. The nanomaterials and their composites work for deactivate the free oxygen species (ROS) by donating electron and it will reduces/deactivate the ROS. newlineAnother problem is the hazardous dye contamination in the environment and water resources from the industrial waste such as Methylene Blue, Methylene Red, Congo Red and Methylene Orange etc. Here we discuss the Methylene blue and their degradation/reduction mechanism using metallic nanoparticles (MNPs, BNPs and TNPs). newlineMany researchers have been investigated the antibacterial, antioxidant and catalytic activity of nanoparticles for application in many fields. Here, the novel biosynthesis method using Aegle marmelos fruit peel extract were explored for synthesis newlineiv newlineof AgNPs, AuNPs CuNPs (Monometallic Nanoparticles) and their composites Ag/CuNPs, Ag/Cu/Au NPs (bimetallic and trimetallic Nan