Some Investigation on Microstrip Antennas For Wireless Communications

Abstract

With the advancement in wireless communications, the demand of microstrip antennas newline(MSAs) is increasing rapidly because of their masterly features like low profile, light newlineweight and easy compatibility with curved surfaces as well as monolithic microwave newlineintegrated circuits (MMIC). The mass production of MSAs can be achieved at a low newlinecost by using printed-circuit technology. Therefore, microstrip antennas have been newlinesuccessfully engaged in many wireless applications from home appliances to space newlinecommunications in many ways such as cellular and satellite communications, radar and newlineGPS receivers, mobile communications, remote sensing and strategic defense newlineequipment. Apart from many advantages, it has some inherent serious drawbacks such newlineas narrow bandwidth and low gain which restricts its uses in some areas. newlineThere are several techniques that have been presented to achieve the newlinemultiband/broadband/UWB antennas for various wireless communication applications newlineby designing novel geometries. These techniques include stacked/multilayer newlineconfiguration, gap-coupled structure with DGS and wide-slot design. In addition, newlinedistinct feed techniques have been also adopted to energize the antennas to obtain the newlinebroadband and better gain. The simulation process of the proposed antenna newlineconfigurations has been performed by different mathematical methods based on newlineelectromagnetic simulators such as IE3D, HFSS and CST tools. The parametric studies newlineof the proposed designs have been also carried out to understand the effect of various newlinekey parameters on antenna characteristics. All the proposed antennas have been newlinefabricated practically and measured their results with the help of a vector network newlineanalyzer and anechoic chamber at GBPEC, New Delhi. The comparisons between the newlinesimulated and measured results have been performed. The entire investigations are newlinedivided into various chapters that embody the present thesis. newlineChapter 1 of this thesis includes an introduction of microstrip antenna along with a brief newlinediscussion of the history and working pri