Study of Strange Hydrons in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions

Abstract

Quantum Chromodynamic(QCD) calculation based on lattice computation predicts a crossover transition from hadronic matter to quark matter at a temperature 154±9 MeV and at zero baryonic chemical potential. Collins and Perry predicted a deconfined phase of quark matter when nuclear matter is subjected to extreme conditions of density. Various experimental programs of relativistic heavy ion/nuclear collisions (RHICs) are performed to realize QCD phase transition at extreme conditions of temperature and to create quark gluon plasma- a thermodynamically equilibrated phase of quark matter. There were dedicated experiments designed at Super Proton synchrotron (SPS), Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to create a hot and dense quark matter. Several evidences are found on the formation of quark gluon plasma at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and at Large Hadron Collider. To understand the QCD phase diagram one needs to understand the properties of quark gluon plasma and hadronic matter. Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions (RHICs) provide such opportunities to study the phase transition in QCD matter. In relativistic nuclear collisions, the nuclei are accelerated to collide at ultra-relativistic energies. The detector detects hadrons like pion, kaon, proton, Sigma baryon, Lambda baryon, Cascade hyperon, Omega hyperon etc. and also leptons like electron, tauon. Detector also detects large number of photons. It is always challenging to diagnoise the property of hot and dense matter formed in such collisions from these hadrons, leptons and photons. Here we discuss the multi strange productions.In this thesis strange hadron yields are calculated microscopically considering the possible interaction processes in a hadronic medium. The yield are calculated theoretically using momentum integrated Boltzmann equation or rate equation and compared with experimental data available from Au-Au and Pb-Pb collisions at the RHIC and LHC. newline