Effects of biofuel with oxide nano additives on performance and emissions of ci engine

Abstract

The rapid growth of populations and vehicles has resulted in the rapid increase in the energy demand. Due to the energy demand and fast depleting of fossil fuels, researchers focus more on to find the suitable alternative fuel for diesel. It can be used for diesel engine without any newlinemodification. However, the direct use of vegetable or algae oil in a diesel engine introduces the problems like piston ring sticking, injector and combustion chamber deposits, increased exhaust emissions, fuel system deposits, reduced power, etc. These problems are associated with the higher viscosity, poor thermal and hydrolytic stability of the vegetable oils. To overcome these problems as a consequence of reducing the viscosity, different techniques viz. blending, pyrolysis, micro emulsification and transesterification have been adopted by the various researcher. Among these techniques, the transesterification has been widely used to reduce the viscosity of oils. The transesterification reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which produces glycerol as a by-product in addition to transesterified oils that are given in the generic name of methyl ester. The methyl esters are usually called as biodiesel. The biodiesel has similar physical and chemical properties as that of petroleum diesel. newline newline