isolation and analysis of extracellular polysaccharides produced by pathogenic salmonella spp isolated from seafood

Abstract

Seafood has a lot of importance on human health directly or indirectly worldwide, because of its high-quality nutrition. The global seafood market is expected to gain $252.61 billion in 2021 at a compound annual growth rate of 5% and to reach $335.82 billion in 2025 at a compound annual growth rate of 7%. newlineIndia is the second biggest country of aquaculture market and accounts for approximately 6.3% of fish and fish products. India is one of the biggest seafood exporter in the world exporting fish and fish products worth of approximately USD 7 billion to over 120 countries. In the year 2022, the seafood market is expected to increase in domestically. The market may fall down, because of contamination by multiple pathogens in different ways. newlineFood borne pathogen contamination can occur at any stage of the processing. Majority of the outbreaks are resulting from the consumption of raw/ unprocessed/ semi processed sea food and also due to pathogenic microorganisms rather than chemical or physical contaminants. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that, fish and shellfish accountable for 10% of all food borne illness outbreaks.Potential source of contamination includeschange in environment, workers (handling) and equipment s (used in kitchen and industries). Results of the contamination leads to identify the several micro-organisms including E.coli, Pseudomonas and Salmonella. newlineSalmonella was the most frequent cause of outbreaks of seafood illnesses in the US from 1998 to 2004 (National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Food (NACMCF), 2008). Because of this, healthcare organizations CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) has been increased more than $3.6 billion each year. Hence Salmonella infections in marine fishes are a major concern to researchers, medical practitionersalong with some regulatory agencies i.e., United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). newlineOut of different fishes, Indian Mackerel was selected in this study.