Investigations on collision avoidance techniques for safe vehicle transportation

Abstract

In automobile driving field, providing safety to the drivers and preventing the vehicle from accidents are the important factors. With this intention, the concept of safe following distance between vehicles is introduced for avoiding the traffic congestions by adjusting and controlling the space (distance) and speed of vehicle. For that reason, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system is mostly utilized by automobiles for making the driving easy and safe. Even, if the ACC system controls the distance and speed of vehicles, it does not effectively addresses the jerk, spatiotemporal problems, road elevation and nonlinear powertrain dynamics. Hence, the fuel consumption rate and error rate are increased. For that reason, the proposed research work is concentrated on automobile driving system for achieving the safe and collision free transportation system by effectively controlling the space and speed between two vehicles with the reduction of fuel consumption rate and error rate for distance and speed. Recently, many research works have been introduced for collision free vehicle driving system. The existing Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) system was implemented with Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) and Variable Speed Limit (VSL) for minimizing the rear-end collision risks. The performance of reduction of fuel consumption rate remained unaddressed. The main aim of Elastic band based socially acceptable collision avoidance algorithm was to attain the low speed autonomous shuttles for high pedestrian density environments. The immediate response by a driver for traffic situation remained unaddressed while the sensor identifies the obstacles. The existing nominal controller and safety controller scheme was implemented with the aim of removing the traffic collisions by maintaining the safe distance between host vehicle and preceding vehicle. The analysis of state of preceding vehicle was not effective to control the host vehicle. The implementation of existing Model-based Predictive Controller (MPC) in driving system helps to address the road elevation information, nonlinear powertrain dynamics and spatiotemporal problems. The performance in the reduction of error rate was effectively minimized. newline