Certain investigations on clustering techniques for routing in wireless sensor network wsn

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network which comprises of numerous sensor nodes with the capability of sensing the physical aspects such as temperature, pressure and wind of the environment. Due to its salient features, the sensor network is widely utilized for certain applications like physiological monitoring, military, transportation, environmental monitoring, agriculture etc. In WSN, there is a need of optimal route identification for forwarding the data packets from the source node to the base station. In some of the previously developed routing techniques, the transmission of data packets with energy efficient routing was not effectively performed due to the improper cluster formation of sensor nodes and lack of resources such as energy, bandwidth, delay, and memory utilization. With this in focus, the research work introduces three proposed techniques for performing three essential processes such as cluster formation, cluster head selection and energy efficient routing. The main objective of the proposed Energy-efficient Adjacent Lagrange-based Correlative Multipath Routing (EAL-CMR) scheme is to overcome the issues of improper cluster formation and lack of sleep scheduling model during the data collection and routing in WSN. There are three essential stages namely Lagrange Cluster formation, Adjacent Optimal Sleep scheduling and Source Angle Correlative Multipath Pattern. Through the performance of Lagrange Cluster formation, the optimal clusters of sensor nodes are generated with the consideration of channel accessibility and coverage location. Besides, the Cluster Head (CH) is identified based on the average remaining energy (i.e. residual energy) of each node. With this optimal cluster formation, the Adjacent Optimal Sleep scheduling enhances the routing efficiency by determination of disruption matrix. Followed by, the multipath path routing is constructed with the help of Source Angle Correlative Multipath Pattern for forwarding the data packets from source node to the base station with minimum time consumption and maximum packet delivery ratio. The major goal of the proposed Residual Energy-based Concentric Polygon and Dual Factor Routing (RECP-DFR) technique is to lessen the time and control overhead by performing energy efficient cluster based routing in WSN. In the proposed RECP-DFR technique, three processes namely cluster formation, cluster head selection and routing are performed. The efficient decision making in clustering is achieved by the implementation of Concentric Polygon Cluster Formation algorithm during the cluster formation. Based on this, the sensor node with higher residual energy is identified as cluster head node with the implementation of Residual Energy-based Cluster Head Selection algorithm. With this, the Dual Cost Factor-based Routing algorithm is executed with the consideration of dual factors (i.e., node residual energy and response time) to route the data packets in an energy efficient route path. newline