Rssi based secured 3d localization mechanisms in wireless sensor networks

Abstract

In the recent decades, there has been a great technological advancement in the innovative communications, consumer electronics and medical electronics. The hot spot of communication technology offers low cost and low power nodes, which led to Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). In WSN, the location of node is vital to decide the location of an incident called event detection. Localization technologies have been technologically advanced over the last few years, by making use of technical improvement in digital circuitry, to offer location and navigation facilities to its users. Localization is a requirement to further functionalities such as routing, self-organization capability, etc. Many methodologies and algorithms have been proposed to solve the localization problem for a 2D or 3D region. Even though, many researches have been carried out in this area, many of the proposed methodologies produced unsatisfactory results in 3D localization. Global Positioning Systems (GPS) gains the predominant place in outdoor 2D as well as 3D localization systems because it is simple, easy to integrate and accurate. GPS cannot be feasible because it cannot work in indoors as well as it consumes more energy and it is expensive as well. Obtaining higher localization accuracy is a major challenge due to the target of an attacker and the overall network gets collapsed by providing malicious information. The presence of malicious nodes degrades the viability of WSN and offer misguiding location information to sensors and reduces battery life. The location information in a 3D environment should withstand against malicious nodes and also needs to be secure against attacks. In this thesis, a novel Secure 3D algorithm is proposed to overcome the problem of malicious beacon nodes in WSN and provides lower Average Localization Error (ALE). The location of the sensor in a 3D space, even in the presence of malicious beacon nodes is resolved by 3D RObust LOCalization (3D ROLOC) algorithm. The ROLOC algorithm uses a cubical geometrical figure to build an efficient localization area of unknown node. The cubical figure is chosen in order to reduce the dimension of measurement matrix and the time consumed for the overall localization. The continuous region obtained from the intersection of the cubes provides the estimated target location with a less localization error. newline