Gymnema sylvestre based herbal product with enhanced bioavailability of gymnemagenin for management of hyperglycemia

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with high mortality rate caused by persistence hyperglycemia due to either insufficient insulin production or its action. Since decades, several synthetic medicines are used to cure diabetes but at the same time they produce number of side effects Biomedical evidences claimed that medicinal plants from different regions of the world have been investigated for anti-diabetic effects. The G. sylvestre is one of them has been known for many years and it has the key place in the Indian traditional system of medicine. It contains huge number of bioactive metabolites such as gymnemic acids and gymnemagenin. Bioavailability of glycoside is dependent on gut microbiota, as it helps in the bioconversion of glycone into aglycone before absorption into systemic circulation. In present research hydroalcoholic extraction of G. sylvestre leaves extract yield 32% saponin content with 8.5% gymnemic acid content. Biotransformation of plant leaves extract significant increased in gymnemagenin content with three different probiotics such as L. casei, L. rhamnosus, and B. bifidum. The maximum gymnemagenin content was observed with 7.5 × 1010 B. bifidum after 48 h of incubation under anaerobic conditions. Formulation of G. sylvestre leaves extract with probiotic, without probiotic and fermented product of plant leaves extract were developed, in vitro antioxidant activity were accessed. In silico ADME analysis were carried out on the phytoconstituents of the G. sylvestre leaves extract which revealed that the gymnemagenin from plant have good pharmacokinetic property and in silico molecular modeling showed that gymnemagenin act on different targets of diabetes. newlineIn vivo studies on Wistar rat showed probiotic fermented G. sylvestre leaves extract and plant leaves extract in supplemented with probiotic have better control on various parameters of hyperglycemia. Moreover pharmacokinetic studies reviled that B. bifidum fermented plant leaves extract have higher bioavailability as compared to......