Phytochemical Investigation Antibacterial and Antioxidant Studies of the Essential oils or Extracts from Lepidium sativum Aloe debrana and Laggera tomerntosa

Abstract

newline xvi newlineABSTRACT newlineLepidium sativum, an indigenous Indian medicinal plant and Aloe debrana and Laggera tomentosa, endemic Ethiopian medicinal plants are traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments. The oils extracted from these plants using different methods were determined by GC/GCand#8722;MS. Forty-three chemical compounds which represent about 96.85% of the total oil constituents were identified in L. sativum seeds essential oil (EO) isolated by Clevenger type apparatus (CTA). The major components of this oil were 1-isocyano-2-methylbenzene (71.63%), benzaldehyde (11.21%), benzylurea (2.16%) and 1-benzyl-2(1H)-pyridone (1.76%). About 98.53% of the total EO isolated by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) from this plant s seeds exhibited a wide range of compounds. The major constituents of the oil were 1-isocyano-2-methylbenzene (36.18%), benzyl isothiocyanate (8.71%), benzaldehyde (2.96%) and 3-phenylpropionitrile (1.82%). In addition, fourty eight compounds which represent about 97.29% of the total EO constituents were also detected in the same plant seeds oil isolated by modified simple distillation (MSD). The chemical profile of this EO was dominated by fatty acids (47.31%), of which linoleic acid (omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid) represented the highest amount (12.81%). 1-Isocyano-2-methylbenzene which was identified as a dominant compound in the EOs extracted by SDE and CTA was also the predominant constituent of this EO, but its concentration was low (27.84%). Forty-six fatty acids, contributing about 98.47% of the total oil were also identified from the oil extracted with petroleum ether in a Soxhlet apparatus from the seeds of L. sativum with palmitic (27.39%), and#945;-linolenic (14.18%), stearic (9.94%), arachidic (9.43%), linoleic (6.91%), oleic (4.76%), gondoic (4.07%) and behenic (3.16%) acids as major constituents. Moreover, a total of fourteen compounds representing 99.14% of the oil with the dominant compound being phenolic ether thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether (47.10%) were id