Fabrication of high efficient dye sensitized solar cell using polymer electrolytes

Abstract

Energy is essential for a broad range of applications such as agriculture, transportation, domestic requirements, space research, military, medical field and industrial field. The fossil fuels are non-renewable source of energy which is directly converted into electricity and they contribute to ~ 79.5% of the whole global energy consumption. The energy from renewable sector and nuclear reactor is estimated to be 18.2% and 2.2% respectively. The contribution of renewable energy resources includes solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, ocean power, hydropower, and bio-fuel. The increasing energy demand and more consumption of fossil fuels, leads to environmental issues such as increasing emission of carbon dioxide, green house effect and air pollution. Therefore, the development of environmental friendly, non-polluting, economical, safe, sustainable and secure energy should be acceptable for growth of the country. The evident alternative of a clean energy source is solar energy, which is abundant and sustainable future development and growth. The photovoltaic cell is a device that converts the sunlight into electric power. Commonly, the photovoltaic cells are made of silicon, multijunction, cadmium telluride, perovskite solar cell and Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). The conventional wafer-based and thin film solar cell technologies are supplied in remarkable ways in the commercial production of solar cell modules. Among the different types of solar cell technology, Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell provides a low-cost alternative for conventional solar cell. The DSSC operational concept was introduced in 1991by O Regan and Graetzel. In the present investigation, high efficient quasi-solid-state polymer electrolyte was prepared by solution cast technique. newline