Study on influence of urban environment on groundwater quality

Abstract

Growth of human population increases day by day and all resources mainly fresh water is insufficient to meet the domestic irrigation and industrial demands Groundwater plays an important role in day to day life to meet the domestic demands irrigation demands and to some extent micro industrial demands too These groundwater sources are exploited and polluted due to the disposal of municipal wastes Tirunelveli municipal wastes are disposed at Ramayanpatti located on the outskirts of Tirunelveli district Tamil Nadu India Tirunelveli practices even agriculture in the heart of the city The city is having a mixed land use comprises of residential cottage industries and agriculture newlineThe source of water to the city is Thamirabarani a perennial river Tirunelveli city receives most of the average annual rainfall during northeast monsoon and is highly reliable for planning and management of freshwater resources LULC analysis shows that the residential area is on the increasing trend and agricultural practices are on the decreasing trend LULC analysis shows that the residential area is on the increasing trend while shrubs and the agricultural areas are on the decreasing trend The rainfall SPI and DI indices show two different patterns since 1971 The change in pattern is noticed before and after 2000 The groundwater characterization shows that the wells in the region of southeastern side of the municipal waste disposal sites are affected by the newlinemovement of the leachates The COD presence is noticed in the wells located in the groundwater flow path from the disposal sites newline newline