Analysis of natural and synthetic antioxidant additives in a biodiesel operated compression ignition engine

Abstract

The fast rising in energy demand in the world is due to the increased population growth, improved living standards and more commercial activities. Around 80% of the overall energy consumption is from petroleum resources because it is used for transport sector, power plants, construction, and industrial activities. Compression Ignition (CI) are much more attractive compared to gasoline engines due to high reliability, resistance, high thermal efficiency and power output. All together, the large-scale use of diesel fuel results in the air pollution and challenges the sustainability. Therefore, the environmental concerns arising from the high diesel fuel consumption has encouraged to use alternative and renewable fuel. Alternative sources are cheap, clean and reliable and vital for national and global economies. One of the renewable energy sources that can be used in CI engine is biodiesel. newlineBiodiesel is the best suitable alternative source that could play a very significant part to meet the energy demand, particularly in automobile and power generation sector. Biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils and used as a substitute fuel in CI engine. In general, biodiesel can be treated through transesterification process from vegetable oils. It is a chemical reaction between vegetable oil and alcohol to produce fatty acid methyl ester called as a biodiesel with a by product of glycerol. The major disadvantages of using biodiesel in CI engine are lower oxidation stability and higher amount of NOx emission. newline newline