Certain experiments on secured Communications in hierarchical Vehicular ad hoc networks

Abstract

Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is a framework of many protocols, technologies, and architectures intended to provide unique applications for road safety, efficient transportation, and infotainment. The core of ITS is an ad hoc network encompassing vehicles, fixed infrastructure equipment, and authorities responsible for law enforcement, motor registration, and traffic control. As the vehicles are major communicating parties in this ad hoc network, it is termed as vehicular ad hoc networks or VANET. VANET uses dedicated short range IEEE 802.11p protocol while establishing communication. The vehicular communication is a collection of various types of communications, collectively known as Inter Vehicular Communication (IVC) among the principal entities of VANET. There are two different communications; communication among the vehicles, and communication among vehicle and infrastructures known as V2V and V2I respectively. These communications enable VANET users to experience numerous applications categorized into safety and non-safety applications. Since V2V and V2I messages are transmitted in the open radio channels, they are attracting many mischievous users to attack the system to gain personal benefits. The attackers are classified into several types based on their intention, behavior, and location as rational or malicious, active or passive, insider or outsider attackers. VANET applications should include enough safety measures to protect the communication from the attackers. The unique characteristics of VANET such as rapidly changing topology, fast moving nodes with a predictable moving pattern, short link lifetime impose several requirements that need to be addressed by the safety approaches. The security protocols to be of suitable to VANET they must satisfy the VANET requirements of authentication, nonrepudiation, integrity, confidentiality, low latency, and scalability. Besides providing security newline