Certain investigations on wide area monitoring protection and control WAMPAC applications on smart grid

Abstract

The broad advancements of the power systems have elevated the necessity for the steady robust and safe monitoring protection and control applications for preventing the severe cascading outages The monitoring of the power system and creating situational awareness is the big deal of insight for the Electrical Engineers For this reason PMUs are the vital measuring devices in Wide Area Measurement System WAMS with the capability of gathering data with synchronised values of current and voltage However because of the expenditures for the installations and communication channels the researchers are concentrating on the aspect of Optimal Placement of PMUs OPP and its implementations in real time applications In this thesis the OPP is carried out with the heuristic and meta-heuristic techniques to attain complete observability These algorithms are analysed and further discussed in detail With the knowledge gained from the study of techniques a new Hybrid Algorithm has been developed to incorporate the merits of both the techniques The results show the efficiency of the proposed method for finding optimal locations by maximizing the system observability and minimizing various factors like the number of PMUs WAMS data traffic generation and installation cost of the PMUs placed To minimize the traffic generation further the optimal placement of Phasor Data Compression Units PDCUs is also accomplished The resulting optimal locations of the PMUs are used in an application of fault localization for multi-terminal transmission lines in order to locate the exact fault point with latitude and longitude details The results ensure the accuracy and the effectiveness of the study in finding the fault point In the case of a PMU failure the remedial measures with Backup protection and Combined Optimal Placement methods are suggested Hence this thesis reveals cumulative facts on the study of OPP and their applications newline