Computational Study of LCD Technology And It s Applications in TFT Monitors

Abstract

Liquid crystalline display (LCD) materials are known for nearly a century, yet but they are exposed in the last four decades for their unique, electrical and electronics, electro-optical and thermal and display properties. Liquid crystalline display (LCD) materials are being rapidly exploited to such a significant extent in such technological applications as digital display useful in T V screens, thermographs, smart watches, smart phones and other communication devices. Among the most important early applications are the smart watches and portable calculator, laptops, computers satellites, defense have been made possible by the low power consumption of LCD and integrated circuit industry. In the field of computers we are in position to use LCD screens in personal computers, with an active matrix LCD screen by replacing the cathode ray tube. These useful features are resulting properties of this fascinating state of liquid crystals and their display characters viz, mesophase exhibiting the characteristics of anisotropy of crystals and fluidity of liquid. The recent discoveries of re-entrant phenomena following the bi-layer arrangement in dual compounds as well as in mixture the hexatic smectic differing from classical crystals smectic B, the intriguing smectic A nematic phase transition whether first or second order, canonic mesogens, the classical polarizabilities and the internal field problem in liquid crystals, the widely used Cyno compounds in applications like twisted nematic effect, guest-host effect, cholesteric(twisted nematic) newline8 newlineblue phase etc, to say are the few important active research areas in the fields of liquid crystalline materials. newlineCurrent generation of portable computers and instruments compulsorily utilizing liquid crystal displays (LCDs) devices. These displays have also appeared in applications ranging from medical equipment to automobiles, gas pumps and retail terminals. Cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) provide the highest available efficiency for backlighting the display. These lamps