Pharmacognostical Phytochemical and Pharmacological evaluation of Cordia Gharaf FORSK Ehrenbq and ASCH BORAGINACEAE

Abstract

Cordia gharaf (Forsk) Ehrenbq and Asch (boraginaceae) is a small tree growing mostly in temparate zone in India like Maharashtra, Gujrath, Rajasthan etc. The present investigation was undertaken to study the morphology, histology, phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation. The histological study of bark and leaf of Cordia gharaf (Forsk) Ehrenbq and Asch reveled presence of periderm, secondary phloem including seive tubes, seive plates and medulary rays. It also shown the presence of granular and prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate. Colateral vascular bundle, Bundle sheath, anomocytic stomata and unicellular covering trichomes observed in leaf of Cordia gharaf (Forsk) Ehrenbq and Asch. Phytochemical investigation of bark, leaf and fruit of Cordia gharaf (Forsk) Ehrenbq and Asch confirmed the presence of Carbohydrates, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Sterols and Phenolic compounds. A fraction isolated from ethanolic extract of the bark through column chromatography has shown significat dose dependant antidibetic activity in sreptozotocin iduced, Dexamethasone induced and Alloxan induced antidiabetic evaluation. The ethanolic extract of the Cordia gharaf leaves found to have dose dependant immunomodulatory activity tested in humoral immune response, Cellmediated immune response and Nonspecific immune response methods. The aqueous extract of Cordia gharaf fruit showed significant and dose depandant analgesic activity in Acetic acid writhing method, Hot plate method and tail flick method as well as anti-inflammatory activity in Cotton pellet induced granuloma model and carageenan induced rat paw oedema model. Attempt was made to isolate and purify the phytocompound from etahnolic extract of bark. The spectral analysis performed of this compound states that chemically this compound may be either glycoside or phenolic in nature. newline