Antimicrobial and antioxident potential of volatile principles of banana fruit

Abstract

newline Introduction: The absence of microbial growth and resistance to oxidative deterioration newlinein fruits of Musa × paradisiaca L. (bananas) is an indication of the presence of newlineantimicrobial and antioxidant metabolites. newlineObjective: In order to investigate the secondary metabolomic spectrum as well as newlinethe active antimicrobial and antioxidants present in essential oils (EOs) from fruits newlineof different geographical areas of M. × paradisiaca, gas chromatographyand#8208;mass spectroscopy newline(GCand#8208;MS) principal component data correlation analysis is complemented newlinewith antimicrobial assays and phytochemical and bioautographic antioxidant fingerprints newlinewith thin layer chromatography (TLC). newlineMethodology: An EO was obtained by steam distillation and subjected to GCand#8208;MS newlineand TLC for metabolomic profiling from fruit pulp. The antimicrobial potential was newlinetested in both Escherichia coli as a gram negative and Bacillus subtilis as a gram positive newlinemicrobe. Potential antioxidant metabolites were identified through TLCbioautography newlineand GCand#8208;MS analysis of active zones. newlineResults: Amaximumof 0.56%v/w EOwas isolated fromfruit pulps of M. × paradisiaca. newlineMinimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against B. subtillis and E. coli were 0.25 and newline0.35 and#956;g/mL, respectively. Thus, 56 metabolites were identified through GCand#8208;MS. The newlinemajor abundant antimicrobial metabolites found in EOs are and#945;and#8208;thujene, and#947;and#8208;terpinene, and#945;and#8208; newlineand and#946;and#8208;pinene, sabinene, and#946;and#8208;myrcene, limonene, and#945;and#8208;capaene, caryophyllene and (Z,E)and#8208;and#945; newlinefarnesene. Aceteugenol, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitin, and stearin were identified newlineas antioxidant metabolites. Principal component analysis of metabolite data reveals newlinecorrelations and a clear separation based on metabolites obtained from various areas. newlineConclusion: The data generated using metabolic profiling and cluster analysis newlinehelped to identify antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds in M. × paradisiaca. newlineKEYWORDS newlineantimicrobial, antioxidant, banana, GCand#8208;MS, metabolomics, TLCand#8208;bioautography newlineReceived: 29 May 2018 Revised: 1 December 2018 Accepted: 3 December 2018 newlineDOI: 10.1002/pca.2816 newlinePhytochemical