Studies on in vitro and in vivo evaluation of antidiabetic potential of Memecylon Umbellatum

Abstract

In the past few years, obesity and diabetes have turned out to be an epidemic mainly because of the newline newlinepresent way of life. There have been a number of herbages identified with the anti-diabetic and anti- newlineobesity properties, claiming to have the effect against these disorders. However, any of the herb are newline newlineinefficient in controlling both. The objective of the current study was the evaluation of the methanolic newlineextract of Memecylon umbellatum (MU) as anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent leading to alleviation newlineof insulin resistance (IR). The role of methanolic leaf extract of Mememcylon umbellatum in the newlinereduction of inflammation and triglyceride accumulation in vitro was also evaluated. The effect of newlinethe extract in acute model of inflammation in db/db mice was also tested. C2C12 cells were treated newlinewith 25 and#956;g of the extract and a significant reduction in the triglyceride accumulation as observed. Il6 newlineand Pai1 genes mainly responsible for inflammation were downregulated in the cells upon treatment newlinewith the extract a carrageenan induced model of paw oedema in db/db mice was developed and treated newlinewith 250 mg per kg body weight of the extract subcutaneously. Indomethacin was used as positive newlinecontrol. Diet induced obese (DIO) mice model was developed by feeding the mice on high fat diet newline(HFD) for 10 weeks resulting in hyperglycemia, obesity and IR. 250 mg/kg body weight of extract newlinewas administered orally daily for 8 weeks. Fasting glucose and body weight were monitored newlinethroughout the experiment. At the end of the study, serum parameters, histological examinations and newlinegene expression pattern were analyzed. There was a significant reduction in fasting glucose levels, newlinebody weight and triglycerides. Improvement in the glucose tolerance and amelioration of insulin newlineresistance was observed as revealed by reduction in serum IL6, serum oxidised LDL, histological newline newlinesections of liver and subcutaneous adipose. Gene expression studies demonstrated the anti- newlineinflammatory activity of the extract by down regulating IL6, PAI1 and ApoB gene expression as newline newlinecompared to the untreated HFD control. A remarkable reduction in the paw volume and serum newlineinterleukin-6 levels of the treated mice. Mememcylon umbellatum methanolic extract was completely newlinesafe and non-toxic as there was 100% survival of the mice and the extract also leads to the reduction newline newline15 newline newlinein triglycerides with concomitant decrease in inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo mice model. newlineThe results obtained from the present study demonstrated for the first time, that when methanolic newlineextract of MU is administered orally in DIO mice, it works in the reduction of hyperglycemia, body newlineweight and triglycerides, ultimately ameliorating the insulin resistance. In future, it would be newlineworthwhile to trace the mechanism of action of the extract by the elutriation of the extract and the newlineanalysis of the active ingredient which might act as a key factor in regulating the metabolism. newline