Physio morphological Appraisal of Crops and Weeds as Influenced by Integrated Plant Nutrition System IPNS in Rice Wheat Cropping System

Abstract

The present investigation was undertaken in a long-term experiment on IPNS in rice-wheat cropping system at the Badiarkhar farm of the university. Twelve treatments viz., control (no fertilizer/manure), 50, 75 and 100% NPK each to rice and wheat through fertilizers, 50% NPK to rice and 100% NPK to wheat through fertilizers, 50% substitution of N through FYM, wheat straw and green manure in rice and 100% NPK through fertilizers in wheat; 25% substitution of N through FYM, wheat straw and green manure in rice and 75% NPK through fertilizers in wheat; and farmers practice (40% NPK through fertilizers to each crop plus 5 t FYM/ha on dry weight basis to rice) were evaluated for a period of two years (2014-15 and 2015-16) with four replications. Ammannia baccifera was the most dominant weed constituting 40 and 35% of the total weed flora during kharif 2014 and 2015, respectively. This was followed by Monochoria vaginalis, Eleocharis sp., Scirpus sp., Echinochloa sp. and Cyperus difformis during 2014 and Monochoria vaginalis, Brassica sp., Eleocharis sp., Scirpus sp., Cyperus difformis and Cynodon dactylon during 2015. Phalaris minor was the most dominant weed constituting 74% of the total weed flora during rabi 2014-15 and 59% during rabi 2015-16 followed by Alopecurus sp. (13 and 19%), Vicia sativa (7 and 15%), Polygonum hydropiper (2 and 3%), Lathyrus aphaca (2% and 1%) and Polygonum alatum (1 and 1%). Artemisia sp. (1%) and other weeds (0.4%) had a little infestation during rabi 2014-15. While Cynodon dactylon (0.2%), Anagallis arvensis (0.3%), Centella asiatica (0.1%) and other weeds (2%) had shown their invasion during rabi 2015-16. Significantly higher plant height, plant population, dry matter accumulation in root, shoot and leaves, CGR, RGR and NAR in rice during both the years were recorded in T6 where 50% substitution of N in rice was made through FYM. Highest root: shoot was obtained in T7 (25% N substitution through FYM in rice). In wheat significantly higher plant height, plant population, dry matter acc