Optimization of Energy Efficiency on Various Quality of Service Parameters in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Network is an arrangement of tiny sensing elements meant for communication and transmission of data. Each sensing element comprises of a processing unit, sensing unit and a power unit (battery) for communicating in a WSN. These sensing elements are homogenous or heterogeneous in terms of energy. In present scenario, WSNs possess wider applicability and increased deployment, because they ensure reliable monitoring and analysis of the environment remotely, specifically in un-attended areas. It is due to this only that sensors are deployed randomly and autonomous operation from them is expected. In addition to this, the use of WSNs in real-time applications has motivated the researchers to work on the satisfaction of Quality of Service (QoS) requirements which is highly challenging. As the data is transferred over the network, each sensor invests some energy and cost in sending, receiving and forwarding that data. Network life depends upon the amount of energy-consumed/ residual energy of the sensor nodes during data communication or transmission. A number of techniques have been designed to achieve energy-efficiency in the sensor networks. This research starts with the understanding of basic concepts, architecture, applications, types and various research issues involved with WSNs. In addition to this quality of service support and three baseline routing techniques meant for energy efficiency (Directed Diffusion, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, and Geographic Energy Aware Routing) are also studied to gain more insight into energy efficiency and QoS in sensor networks. newlineIn this thesis, a new routing technique for optimization of energy efficiency with improved Quality of Service is proposed to enhance the network lifetime and ensure the satisfaction of QoS requirements. This work is divided into three main parts. In the first part, in addition to comprehensive review of literature about existing techniques to achieve energy-efficiency in sensor networks, the research examined three baseline