Prevalence and Risk of Infectious Diseases Associated with HIV Amongst the Tribes of Jaintia Hills Meghalaya

Abstract

newlineThe present study was conducted to understand the risk and factors associated with HIV infection among the tribal patients infected with infectious diseases of Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya. High risk of HIV infection was found among the TB patients belonging to the age group 31-40 years. The study revealed that, the important socio-demographic risk factors associated with HIV infection were religion, education, occupation (high among unemployed, skilled and unskilled workers), lower socio-economic status and marital status. Overall lack of knowledge on mode of transmission and preventive methods of HIV was found among the patients. newlinePresence of sexually transmitted diseases, use of recreational substances use such as alcohol and injecting drugs were found to be significantly associated with this deadly disease. Additionally, existence of myths, stigma and discrimination associated with the infected individuals were observed in the study area. There are various prevention schemes and programmes for infectious diseases but very few patients were aware of such initiatives implemented by Government. newlineTherefore, it is suggested that early detection of TB/ HIV co-infection and treatment along with creating awareness regarding preventive measures should be strengthened. Availability of anti-tuberculosis regimens need to assessed in all the Health Centres of Jaintia Hills. There is a necessity of interventions targeting populations under risk with special care for young and female populations including better structured education programmes in the form of health care talks/seminars, school curricula, which would help to improve their knowledge regarding on infectious diseases and HIV more efficiently and effectively. newline newline newline