Studies on the effect of dietary polyunsaturatedd fatty acids on adipose tissue function n high fat diet induced rodent model of obesity

Abstract

Obesity involves excessive accumulation of fat in white adipose tissue which is compartmentalized into two functionally diverse depots visceral WAT and subcutaneous WAT. Advice to substitute essential PUFAs for saturated FAs is cornerstone of various obesity management strategies. Despite numerous reports on the role of essential PUFAs on obesity, there still exists a lacuna on their mode of action in VWAT and SWAT depots. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of l10% dietary supplementation of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs on beiging of WAT and regulation of adipose tissue function in both VWAT and SWAT in HFD induced obesity. The results strongly suggest that supplementation of n-3 PUFAs led to major improvements in adipose tissue function. n-3 PUFAs supplementation ameliorated the effects of HFD by reducing body weight gain, fat mass gain| and adipocyte size; preventing dyslipidemia and adipokine levels dysregulation; increasing fatty acid oxidation and reducing de novo lipogenesis. We observed a depot specific effect of n-3 PUFAs on induction of beiging specifically in SWAT via upregulation of AMPK-PGCla-UCP1 axis. Further, n-3 PUFAs led to upregulation of PPAR-y and AKT along with reduced FOXO1 expression, predominantly in SWAT suggesting its role in preventing HFD induced changes on adipose tissue function. n-6 newlinePUFAs showed no major differences as compared to HFD fed animals and hence delved pruriently in promoting HFD induced obesity. Our findings conclusively ascertain a differential mode of action of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs which can be used to design effective nutritional and dietary guidelines to improve adipose tissue function and combat the spread of obesity epidemic. newline newline