Mutations of ARHGAP 29 gene and MSX1 Gene a ND Non Syndromic Clefting in Indian Cleft Lip and Palate Patients

Abstract

Cleft Lip gene and /or cleft palate are common gene birth defects. newlineThey have to gen occured before the time gene of Christ. The Children newlineafflicted with this gene anomaly are handicapped from birth for , gene newlinedeglutition, breast gene feeding, defective gene speech , improper growth newlineand gene development of maxillary gene arch and overall facial newlinedevelopment, gene affecting the individual gene completely . newlineThe development of the oro face gene requires a complete systematic newlinecoordination gene of a complex series of events gene and includes cellular newlinegrowth, gene tissue migration, differentiation gene , and possible gene newlineapoptosis. The overall gene development of the oro face gene roughly starts newlineto gene form during the 4th week gene of intra uterine development gene newlinewhen all the neural gene crest cells tend to migrate gene and form all the newlinegene five facial primordia: starting gene from the gene frontonasal newlineprominence,both the gene , mandibular gene processes, and both the newlinemaxillary gene processes (MxP). All these gene structures invariably gene newlinecomprise of all gene ectodermally derived gene epithelium and some gene newlineneural crest gene cells which are derived gene from the facial gene newlinemesenchyme. After the all gene the facial gene prominences have formed, the newlinefacial and nasal gene placodes invaginate to gene form the frontomedial gene newline(MNP) and frontolateral gene (LNP) nasal process. The 6th and gene 7th weeks newlineof fetal gene gestation are important as the gene nasal processes tend to grow newlineand finally gene merge together , finally forming the gene facial upper lip and newlinefacial gene primary palate. The orofacial nostrils gene are developed from newlinethe complete fusion gene of the LNP, MxP and MNp. The complete gene or newlineincomplete failure gene in the orofacial growth or the fusion gene of some of newline5 newlinethese processes gene invariably results in an gene orofacial cleft forming newlinewhich involves gene the facial upper lip, the maxillary gene alveolus, and/or newlinethe maxillary gene primary palate. newlineThe sequencial gene development of the maxillary gene secondary palate newlinebegins gene around the 7th week of gene embryogenesis just when gene the newlinepalatal gene shelves (PS) emerge as final gene outgrowths from the gene newlinemaxillary Process . The Palatal shelves gene initially grow vertically gene and newlinealong the sides gene of the newly developing tongue, but much later gene newlineelevates into a gene staright and horizontal position as the developing gene newlinetongue gene starts to flatten. The continued gene growth of the oroface leads newlineto gene adjacent palatal gene shelves to fuse gene along with the most newlinemedial edge gene epithelia (MEE) and this forms gene the most vmedial newlineepithelial seam (MES). The fusion gene tends to occur in a very gene zipper-like newlinefashion gene that mostly gene begins at around gene the midpoint and gene newlineslowly moves gene anteriorly and also posteriorly gene as the seam gene newlineslowly disintegrates. The final gene fusion of the facial gene secondary palate newlineusually gene culiminates in complete gene separation of all the gene nasal newlineand oral gene cavities in the individual . Orofacial gene clefts of the maxillary newlinepalate gene usually arises due to a gene complete failure at any of gene newlineseveral points which could gene include the Palatal shelve gene elevation, the newlinemigration, or sometimes gene the fusion. The real gene phenomenon behind newlinePalatal gene fusion is always a gene subject of many controversies . Three newlinephenomenons gene have generally gene been suggested: newline The epithelio-mesenchymal gene cell transformation , newline Cell gene apoptosis, and newline Cell migration gene of orofacial gene medialepithelial cells. newline newlineSeveral gene studies on orofacial clefts gene have nearly eliminated gene newlineepithelio-mesenchymal gene cell transformation gene as a phenomenon for newlineorofacial gene fusion. Finding of cells gene positive for capase 3 gene and newlineTUNIL gene in the MES gene shows an important gene function for the newlineorofacial gene cell apoptosis gene in the final epithelio-mesenchymal gene cell newlinetransformation gene degradation. This phenomenon gene is further supported newlineby gene mice who are gene deficient for the gene apoptotic proteaseactivating newlinegene factor 1 (apcf 1) , where gene the Palatal shelves gene newlinegenerally gene adhere normally, gene but the does not gene seem to degrade, newlineresulting gene in a cleft palate . Still, other gene studies gene suggest that both newlineepithelio-mesenchymal gene cell transformation gene (EMT) and the gene cell newlineapoptosis gene are generally gene quite necessary gene for the proper gene newlinefusion and the gene general craniofacial gene development. In some gene the newlinecases, the complete gene development of the gene orofacial region consists of newlinea very gene carefully regulated gene series of events , they generally gene newlineresult in gene orofacial clefting when gene disrupted . The final gene newlineknowledge gene in the normal gene development is generally gene critical to newlineunderstanding gene how a particular gene cleft arises. This gene knowledge of newlinethe molecular gene events that cause gene orofacial clefts generally gene us newlineinsights into all the gene normal processes that are gene involved in newlinecraniofacial gene development. newline newline