Efficient Quantum Dot Cellular Automata QCA Designs with Applications in Secure Message Communication

Abstract

Over the decades, the increase in processing power and proportional scaling in feature size newlinehave been effectively attained by conservative lithography based VLSI technology. However, newlinepresent studies reveal that the diminishment of these devices will head to undesirable newlineconsequences as a result of ultimate physical confines of CMOS technology such as doping newlinefluctuations, power dissipation, short channel effects and electro-migration failures. The result newlineof these undesirable consequences will be the decrement in various specifications such as gate newlinedepletion, switching performance, off-state leakage, stray capacitances and diffusion barriers. newlineIn addition, it is anticipated that the growing procedure of CMOS technology will end by 7nm newlineof channel dimension. newlineThere has been a comprehensive research in existing years at Nano scale to potentially newlinetake the place of traditional CMOS technology in the near future. It is estimated that these newlinetechnologies can function at frequencies of Tera-Hertz and can attain a consistency of 10 newlinedevices/cm2 newline. On the other hand, the present approach of dwindling the transistors and newlinepreserving the same design standard will soon not be enough to meet the physical, commercial, newlineand architectural obstructions. The current device, the MOS transistor, will need to be newlinesubstituted by a unique technology that takes the benefit of physics which directs at the Nanoscale. There are so many evolving technologies comprising Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs), newlineSingle Electron Transistors (SETs), Resonant Tunnelling Diodes (RTDs) and Spin Transistors newlinewhich are being examined as possible entrants in order to replace conservative CMOS newlinetechnology. Nanotechnology offers new potentials of computation due to its exceptional newlineproperties that ascend at such compact feature sizes. newlineAmong new devices, Quantum dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one of the promising newlineimminent nano-electronic computing technology that reckons on different physical fact such newlineEfficient Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Designs with Application.......