Development of a method for defluoridation of drinking water and apparatus thereof

Abstract

Electro Coagulation is the electrochemical process for efficient water treatment. This model is newlinedesigned on the basis of Electro Coagulation process. It is very efficient in removing high newlinefluoride concentration from drinking water along with heavy metals, water turbidity, and newlinecolloidal particles. Through the process of coagulation fluoride ions transform in solid forms, newlinethese are then separated by filtration. The objective of my model is to implement the same newlineprocess at a domestic level. Thus, in this research paper, we have focused on some important newlineaspects such as filtration, flow rate, the concentration of fluoride in water, basic parameters for newlinewater quality checking, pH parameters of water, electro coagulation and accumulation of newlinealuminum, and process mechanism. For this study, a lab-scale reactor of the 20 L volume was newlinedesigned. Groundwater was used for the experiment and a filter prepared from wool and nylon newlinecloth was also used. The system scaled a 90% elimination of fluoride during 10-20 minutes. newlineHydraulic Retention Time (HRT). The system obtained a good sludge that showed that the newlinesludge quantity retained in lower than the other techniques. At the same time, a clear filtrate was newlinealso obtained where the solid suspension level was less than 0.1 g/L. newlineThe process of electro-coagulation involves the removal of all types of dissolved and suspended newlinesolids, emulsified organics, heavy metals, and several other types of contaminants in water . In newlinethis process, no chemical reagents are mixed with water instead electricity and electrodes are newlineused. In this process, both oxides and hydroxide flosses of all the above-mentioned contaminants newlineare formed and separated. newlineElectro Coagulation or EC is a process of yielding aluminum ions with the help of aluminum newlineanodes. Here, aluminum anodes are used as coagulants for eliminating fluoride. As the electricity newlinepasses through the anodes, the aluminum compound is oxidized forming aluminum ions. Later, newlinethese ions are transformed to Al (OH) 3 floss which can absorb the fluoride ion.