Study of Microbial Potential in Degradation of Azo Dyes Used in Sanganer Dyeing Industries Jaipur

Abstract

India is huge country with vast population. Indian economy is depending upon Indian industrial sectors. Textile industries are second largest sector in India after agriculture. Many private and government organizations are involved in textile sector. Textile units are known for its polluting nature all over the world. Textile effluent released from the textile industries is a typical mixture of well known pollutant such as azo dyes which are recalcitrant and carcinogenic in nature. newlineSanganer is a very well known town for its tie and die technique throughout the world. Hundreds of small scale textile industries are present in Sanganer. These industries discharged their effluent into Drayavati river formerly known as Amanisaha Nala. This water stream flows throughout the capital city Jaipur. Untreated textile effluent affected the nearby environment of city and increases the pollution level. Treatment of textile effluent before discharging into the nearby water system is a necessity of present days. Reactive azo dyes are the main component of textile effluent. These dyes are persistent in natural environment and affect the habitat of marine life. newlineReactive azo dyes are the most common and known pollutant of environment components. In developing countries, azo dyes and their associated substance pollute the environment at vast level because of unavailability of treatment technologies and lack of trained human resources. newlineMany technologies have been developed to counter reactive azo dyes associated problems, such as physical and chemical techniques. But all of these techniques failed to find out a permanent solution of reactive azo dyes and its associated problems. High coast, production of harmful byproducts and production of high sludge during treatment are the main drawback of these techniques. Biological treatment of reactive azo dyes emerges as a promising technique. Microbial degradation of these dyes through indigenous bacterial isolates can be a good alternative for physical and chemical techniques. Co