Phytopharmacological investigation of phyllanthus urinaria and adiantum lunulatum in peptic ulcer disease

Abstract

Materials and Methods: Phyllanthus urinaria and Adiantum lunulatum were newlinesubjected to successive solvent extraction using different solvents based on polarity. Extracts were evaluated for preliminary antiulcer activity. Most promising extract wasselected for assessment of antioxidant activity and was further subjected to isolation of phytoconstituents using column chromatography. Isolated compounds were investigated for antiulcer activity using different ulcer inducing models. Structure of the most pharmacologically active antiulcer compound was determined using different spectroscopic methods. Molecular docking study was done using Molegro Virtual docker to assess the possible mechanism of action. In vitro antiulcer activity of the active compound was carried out by determining the H+ K+ ATPase inhibitory activity. newlineResult and Discussion: Phytochemical studies of Phyllanthus urinaria and newlineAdiantum lunulatum revealed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, glycosides, newlineflavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. EEPU and EEAL showed significant antiulcer newlineactivity and antioxidant activity. Four compounds were isolated from EEPU and three compounds were isolated from EEAL using column chromatography. PU-3 and AL-3 exhibited dose dependent antiulcer activity. Histological investigation of rat stomach revealed intact gastric mucosal layer. Molecular characterization signified the isolated compounds were flavonoids were identified as Rhamnocitrin from Phyllanthus urinaria and Kaempferol from Adiantum lunulatum. Molecular docking results isolated compound PU-3(Rhamnocitrin) and omeprazole showed common interaction with one amino acid Cys813 whereas isolated compound AL-3 and Omeprazole showed common interaction with two amino acids Leu921 and His902. PU-3 and AL-3 exhibited concentration dependent decrease in H+ K newline+ ATPase activity. newline newlineConclusion: The study revealed that Phyllanthus urinaria and Adiantum lunulatum newlinepossesses potent antiulcer activity due to presence of flavonoids. Antioxidant activity of the flavonoids by reducing RO