Role of Natural Compounds in the Prevention of Lung Cancer

Abstract

Cancer is expected to rank as the leader with regard to mortality in the twenty-first century. The newlinepoor development in survival rate is partly because more than one-half of cases are diagnosed at newlinea distant stage. Lung cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of newlinecancer death. represents close to 1 in 5 cancer deaths. In 2016, the number of deaths for lung newlinecancer patients is more than breast cancer, prostate cancer, CRC, and leukemia combined newlinetogether. The prime cause of lung cancer is attributed to smoking and accounts for about 80% of newlineglobal lung cancer deaths in men. newlineChemoprevention can be described as use of biological, synthetic, natural, and chemical agents newlineto delay, reverse or prevent progression or invasion of cancer provides an alternate model for the newlineprevention of cancer. Natural plant products which are usually non-genotoxic can be a useful newlinetool for reducing the incidence of lung cancer through their supplementation through diet. newlinePrevious reports have suggested dietary natural compounds to play an important role in delaying newlinethe cancer development as well as progression via decreased cellular proliferation, arrest of cell newlinecycle, and initiating apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis among others. Dietary polyphenols newlinehaving extensive beneficial effects as well as availability have widely been used as nutraceuticals newlinein daily life. The source of these polyphenols includes grains, vegetables, fruits among others. newlineSeveral studies invitro as well as in vivo has shown dietary polyphenols decrease the risk of newlinevarious chronic diseases including cancer. Flavonoids are the main group of natural polyphenols, newlinewhich are widely present in fruits, vegetables. Flavonoidand#39;s ability to alter some key cellular newlineenzymatic functions, including cyclooxygenase, xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase, or newlinephosphoinositide 3and#8208;kinase seems to be one of the major underlying mechanisms in this regard. newline newlineKeeping in view the structural and functional activity of various flavonoids as reported in newlineprevious studies, the present