Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential of Calocybe Indica And Volvariella Volvacea and Study of Their Mechanism of Action

Abstract

Mushrooms have been known for their nutritional and culinary values and used as medicines and newlinetonics by humans for ages. Volvariella volvacea and Calocybe indica are two edible mushrooms, newlineand claimed to possess considerable importance in the human diet as it shows favorable dietetic newlineproperties. In present work it was planned to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of V. volvacea and newlineC. indica was only done for the purpose to characterize the extract and to find out a conclusion newlineof the pharmacological activity matching with the phytochemical constituents present in the newlineextract by investigating the glucose tolerance test and certain important serum profiles in normal newlineand STZ-induced diabetic rats. In addition, the possible mechanism underlying for the newlinemanagement/prevention of type-2 diabetes was characterized by assessing the inhibitory effect of newlineV. volvacea and C. indica on key enzyme linked to type-2 diabetes [and#945;-amylase, and#945;-glucosidase, newlineand dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV)]. The hydroalcoholic extracts of both the mushrooms were newlinedried by two different methods. Half of the extract was subjected for lyophilization (LE) and newlineother part was subjected for oven dried (ODE). The preliminary phytochemical screening of newlineextracts showed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, carbohydrates, saponins, alkaloids and newlineglycosides. The result indicates absence of amino acids in ODE of both the mushrooms. The in newlinevitro antioxidant activity namely DPPH, superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity,nitric newlineoxide radical scavenging capacity and metal chelating activity were performed and found that LE newlineand ODE of both the mushroom species has very high antioxidant activity in different models. newlineThe findings of total polyphenol and flavonoid content of LE and ODE of V. volvacea and C. newlineindica supports the study of antioxidant activity. The LE and ODE of V. volvacea and C. indica newlinewere evaluated for antidiabetic activity and both the extract decreases significantly the serum newlineglucose level of diabetic rats. Consequently, LE and ODE of both the mushrooms exhibited newlinehigher inhibitory activity for and#945;-glucosidase enzyme and and#945;-amylase enzyme whereas ODE and LE newlineof V. volvacea produces lower inhibitory activity for DPP-IV enzyme. The finding indicates that newlineLE of V. volvacea and C. indica produces higher antidiabetic activity compared to ODE of both newlinethe mushrooms. The above outcomes suggest that further studies should be performed to newlineformulate important nutraceuticals and dietary supplements with medicinal properties. newline