Congestion management of transmission lines with renewable energy sources using firefly optimization algorithm

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of the electric power market from a regulated monopoly to a deregulated framework has instigated various challenges One of the most important challenges associated with this reformation is Congestion Management CM The restructuring has brought in competition between innumerable participants leading to overloading and congestion of transmission lines Such transmission line overloads turns critical to the system security and stability and furthermore suppress the competitiveness of the power market However expansion of the transmission lines in order to accommodate all newlinetransactions becomes increasingly difficult as it involves both economic and environmental constraints Thus congestion management has always been a challenging task of the Independent System Operator ISO Rescheduling of generators load curtailment demand response programs etc are some of the methods explored in the literatures to address the congestion management issue Further promising solutions have been reported with the integration of Renewable Energy Sources RES Distributed Generators DGs due to the significant advances in several generation technologies and environmental impacts newline newline