Investigation of RGO metal oxide hybrid nanostructures for pollutant degradation under natural sunlight conditions

Abstract

Factories companies and industries use colouring agents dyes for their products that play a significant destructive impact on water bodies William Henry Perkin in 1856 first produced synthetic dye for commercial purpose Right now worldwide 7 105 tons of synthetic dyes with 10000 varieties are being manufactured and used by various industrial sectors such as pharmaceutical food cosmetic photographic printing plastic textile etc The disposed effluents from these industrial sectors into natural water bodies highly contaminate the water quality due to their toxic chemical composition and non-biodegradable nature Various physical biological and chemical techniques such as coagulation adsorption reverse osmosis enzymes microorganisms photochemical oxidation and froth flotation have been employed to treat the toxic chemical substances present in the industrial effluents Among these techniques photocatalytic oxidation is one of the popularly implemented methods to disintegrate the recalcitrant and non biodegradable organic dye pollutants into non-toxic stable products due to its efficient facile and inexpensive instrumental techniques The present research work intensively focuses on synthesis of environmental friendly efficient and highly stable photocatalysts for dye degradation application under natural sunlight conditions to reduce experimental complexity and cost issues Among diverse synthetic des Rhodamine B RhB and Rose Bengal RB dyes are vastly used by textilefood and printing industrial sectors for consumer purpose However the effluents from these industries contain untreated RhB and RB pollutants in high concentration with large volume newline