Energy optimization algorithms for wireless sensor networks

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are built-up with a group of sensor nodes that are capable of monitoring and relaying environmentassociated information to the sink. A sensor node is a combination of software and electro-mechanical components with built-in power source to carry-out the intended operations over wireless medium. WSNs are employed in different applications like habitat monitoring, health care monitoring, industrial and home automation systems. The nodes are closely packed over the deployment region and they require appreciable energy to transmit and relay the information to the base station. With the aid of clustering strategy, the nodes gather information from the neighbors and transmit it as a single entity to the base station. This strategy minimizes energy consumption and improves data handling capability of the network. The nodes are most often deployed in hostile environment wherein the nodes have to sustain with the available power. The independent behavior of the nodes and energy constraint nature of the network leads to limited network operations. Therefore, energy optimization and simple data processing schemes are essential to improve node s Time-To-Live period. Also, routing in efficient manner will optimize node s energy used in neighbor selection, route discovery and Data gathering process. Achieving energy efficiency in WSN is a big challenge as the network lacks centralized control over a non-guaranteed wireless communication medium. Varieties of energy conserving techniques are presented in literatures to optimize energy consumption in network newline