Biogenic Synthesis and Evaluation of Potential Metal Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery in Liver Cancer

Abstract

Recently metal nanoparticles have been getting great medical interest due to their potential physiochemical properties such as higher surface to volume ratio and low molecular weight .The multifunctional effects of silver and gold nanoparticles have rendered them to be potent candidate for biomedical applications. The biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles were successfully carried out using Coffea arabica, Cyperus scariosus, Emblica officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Boerhavia diffusa, Dalbergia sissoo, Curcuma longa tuber, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Fusarium oxysporum. The aqueous extract of plant extracts were mixed with silver nitrate and chloroauric acid and kept for incubation on magnetic stirrer at room temperature. Kinetics of incubation period, concentration and volumes on synthesis of nanoparticles were studied. The synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles were subjected for characterization studies and synthesis was confirmed using UV-Visible spectroscopy which shows absorption maxima at 410nm-428nm for silver nanoparticles and 540nm for gold nanoparticles. Further characterization techniques used were FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDS and HRTEM with SAED analysis. The size measured from XRD and TEM studies led the selection of nanoparticles having size less than 20 nm for further cytotoxicity studies. The high resolution transmission analysis reveals that silver nanoparticles are spherical in shape whereas gold nanoparticles are polymorphic in nature that is mixture of spherical, nanotriangles and hexagonal with mean particle size 16 nm,18nm for silver nanoparticles of Coffea arabica (CEAgNPs/CA-1) and Cyperus scariosus (NAgNPs/CA-1) extract and 12 nm for gold nanoparticles of Coffea arabica extract (CEAuNPs/CS-1).Apart from synthesis of nanoparticles, knowledge about its cytotoxic potential is important for further biomedical applications. The cytotoxicity assay is vital step in toxicology that explains the cellular response to toxicant. In this context MTT assay was used beside HepG2 HeLa