Investigations on the performance of printed antenna for breast cancer detection and classification

Abstract

Breast Cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies among Indian females. Since the last decade, the incidence rate of breast cancer is gradually increasing and it is expected to cross 1,797,900 by 2020. The World Medical Association authorizes different diagnostic tools for breast cancer screening. Compared to other modalities, X-ray Mammography is used as a standard technique in many developing countries. However, existing methodologies have certain potential limitations like ionizing radiation, invasive and expensive. In addition, 35 % false positive and 38 % false negative rates are the serious downside of the mammogram. Over a few decades, microwave technology placed its footstep in biomedical applications and thus it becomes an active research area for many researchers. The microwave technology uses microstrip antennas for detecting the tumors within the breast and it does not cause any radiation effects to the human body. Hence, Microwave based Breast Screening (MBS) is non-invasive and it is able to detect the tumors at an early stage. Many comprehensive studies and data from cancer registries confirm that early breast cancer detection improves the survival rate of women.The design of microstrip antennas in MBS plays a vital role indetecting breast cancers. An inappropriate antenna design leads to performance degradation of the system. The primary objective of this thesis is to design the microstrip antenna for non-invasive breast cancer detection and to develop the better feature selection algorithm for efficient classification. In the foremost part of the thesis, the microstrip antenna structure is designed to operate at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The design parameters like size, bandwidth, SAR, return loss and radiation efficiency are considered. newline