Certain investigations on utility of genetic algorithm based routing optimization schemes for performance enhancement in manets

Abstract

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a group of self-disciplined wireless devices/ mobile nodes capable of forming a transient union for establishing the communication. Mobile nodes are communicated in the absence of infrastructure due to self-organized nature. Based on the length of path or distance, nodes are communicating through single hop or multi-hop routing protocols. In a multi-hop communication, source node relies on its neighbors for delivering the information at a destination located outside its communication range. Routing protocols are designed to ensure link stability, transmission and network performance based on the performance metrics like resource constraints, mobility, power management etc. Though routing protocols address routing issues, the resource constraint nature of the network entails least trade-off protocols design. Clustering is one such lesser tradeoff design for improving network performance, where a unanimous node serves as a Cluster Head (CH) for integrating communication and other network processes. CH assembles multi-node communication as a single entity at the time of departing the cluster. The CH forms a coalition with the nodes i.e. Cluster Members (CM) that are moving within its communication range. Clustering algorithms and protocols design consider the ad-hoc nature and endurance of the nodes in order to prevent CH bottleneck issues. A vital consideration is that the resource exploitation by the node participating in a multi-hop communication. More specifically, the path nodes spend energy for transmitting and receiving packets. Energy gains control over network stability and node lifetime that contributes an appreciable part in the network performance newline