Hydrochemistry and solute Transport modelling to study The impact of 2004 tsunami on Groundwater quality in Kalpakkam southern india

Abstract

newlineMassive tsunami occurred on December 26 2004 triggered by a newline9 0 magnitude earthquake off the west coast of Sumatra killed more than newline2 50 000 people and displaced thousands in countries around the Indian newlineOcean Tsunami waves entered in land up to 0 2 1 km which caused newlineextensive damage to life and property to all coastal districts along the east newlinecoast of Tamil Nadu India Although there are major impacts of the tsunami newlineon infrastructure and human life it also resulted in deterioration of newlinegroundwater quality of the coastal region Study of processes of salinisation of newlinegroundwater by tsunami and the time that it will take for the natural recharge newlineprocesses to flush this salinity is of great importance There are no systematic newlinestudies carried out so far to understand the processes of groundwater newlinesalinisation due to tsunami The present research was carried out in the newlineKalpakkam region Southern India to determine the impact of tsunami on newlinemajor and minor ions trace elements nutrients and isotopic concentrations in newlinethe coastal aquifer and to understand the processes of improvement in the newlinequality of tsunami affected groundwater by solute transport modeling newlineThe study area includes a portion of Kalpakkam region situated in the newlineKancheepuram District of Tamil Nadu state in southern India The study area newlineis located 75 km south of the Chennai city formerly Madras and covers an newlinearea of 2 km2 extending about 2 km along the north south direction and about newline1 km along the east west directions newline newline