Characterization and Evaluation of Small Molecular Bioactive Metabolites for antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties from Mangrove Plants Belonging to Family Acanthaceae and Rhizophoraceae

Abstract

Mangroves are found as woody trees, shrubs and ferns distributed in the intertidal costal zones of tropical areas with rich biological diversity. Mangrove plants are rich source of secondary metabolites, which were reported to possess potential pharmacological significance. In an aim to characterize biologically active metabolites of medicinal significance from different species of tropical mangrove plants, we have considered the Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora annamalayana, Avicinnia officinalis and Acanthus ilicifolius. Anti-inflammatory potentials were determined by in vitro inhibitory properties towards cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and 2) and lipoxygenase (5-LOX) assays, whereas the antioxidative activies were evaluated by their scavenging capacities of the free radicals {1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) and 2, 2and#8242;-azino-bis-3 ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS.+)}. newlineThe solvent fractions n-hexane, chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions obtained from the crude methanol extract of the selected mangrove plants were analyzed by different in vitro assays. Among them, the EtOAc fraction acquired from R. annamalayana exhibited significantly greater DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 1.14 mg/mL) followed by the EtOAc fraction of R. mucronata (IC50 1.18 mg/mL), and other solvent fractions (IC50 gt1.9 mg/mL), in descending order. The CHCl3 fraction obtained from R. mucronata recorded significantly greater ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 1.25 mg/mL) followed by that of the EtOAc fraction of R. annamalayana (IC50 ~1.32 mg/mL). Similarly, the EtOAc fraction acquired from A. ilicifolius exhibited greater DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 1.01 mg/mL) followed by that from A. officinalis (IC50 1.21 mg/mL). The EtOAc fraction from A.ilicifolius recorded significantly greater ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 1.20 mg/mL) followed by the chloroform fraction of A. officinalis (IC50 ~1.30 mg/mL). The biological activity results of the solvent fractions were correlated wit