Multimodal Biometric Authentication Based on Minutiae Features of Fingerprint and Retina

Abstract

ABSTRACT newlineData Security is the major concern of today s world and numerous research ideas exist in newlinethe literature. Most of the traditional security systems are based on passwords, One Time newlinePasswords (OTP) and other complex cryptographic algorithms. newlineThe passwords and OTPs can be easily cracked by the intruders by performing different newlineranges of attacks. On the other hand, the cryptographic algorithms involve computational newlinecomplexity and are difficult to understand. Biometric based systems are becoming popular newlinenow-a-days, owing to its increased reliability and ease-of-use. newlineUnlike the traditional security systems which rely on algorithms or passwords, the newlinebiometric based systems are based on the biological or the outward characteristic properties newlineof the users. The famous biological properties of the users involve face, fingerprint, palmprint, newlineiris, retina, voice and so on. On the other hand, the outward characteristic features of the newlineuser can be gait, signature, keystroke pattern and so on. newlineBoth the biological and outward characteristic features of the users are unique and newlinecannot be duplicated by others. Recognizing the simplicity and user-friendliness of the newlinebiometric based systems, several biometric based identity recognition applications are newlineproposed in the literature. However, a constant demand is still observed for reliable and newlineaccurate biometric systems. newlineThe biometric systems can be either unimodal or multimodal. The unimodal biometric newlinesystem is based on a single capable biometric of the user and the choice of biometric roots on newlinethe nature of the application. The unimodal biometric systems show minimal computational newlineand time complexity. The main drawback of the unimodal based biometric system is that the newlineimperfection of biometrics in certain users may lead to false acceptance or rejection rates. newlineBesides this, certain twin users may share similar biological traits, which may lead to privacy newlineissues. newlineA multimodal biometric system considers two or more biological traits, rather than a newlinesingle biological trait. The id