Analysis of Aerodynamic Characteristics on Surface Modification of the Airfoil

Abstract

There are certain limitations of engines associated with aircraft to decrease drag as well as increase efficiency. Efficiencies necessity is increasing day by day; therefore the shape of airfoil plays an important role in the efficiency of aircraft. Human nature is to get the highest output with minimum resources and efforts. Form or shape of the airfoil, as well as surface customization, plays an important role within aerodynamic efficiency. The airfoil characteristics with surface modification provided by many researchers were analyzed. Whenever the shape of an airfoil is altered, it changes some aerodynamics characteristics of the airfoil which has significance in aircraft industries and the common airfoil behaviour has also been examined by many researchers. Modification upon the surface of airfoil provides significant changes in the result. With the help of some simple modifications on the airfoil surface and without the need to use much amount of fuel using inside the aircraft, drag can be reduced and lift can be increased. To achieve this, airfoil surface was altered in many ways. Since a two dimensional and a three-dimensional airfoil shows comparable result and three-dimensional analysis consumes much amount of time and computing space, so here a two-dimensional airfoil is utilized. A two-dimensional airfoil was analysed first to do grid independent test and was done in order to get an appropriate turbulent model. After that modified airfoils were likened with smooth airfoil using practical data. Nodes were 102180 finalized for further testing. The particular Geometric factors affect airworthy performance. The aerodynamic Characteristics of modified airfoils were investigated and compared. NACA0012 airfoil with dimple and airfoil with smooth surfaces were compared. Bumps on the surface and triangular profile on the surface were also compared with the smooth airfoil. Bump and dimples on airfoil can usually be treated as an aerodynamic shape which creates a vortex in circulation. Flow separation at a