Evaluation of Anti Platelet Anti Coagulant and Fibrinolytic Activity of Cestrum nocturnum Plant

Abstract

The aim of present study was evaluation of anti-platelet, anti-coagulant and fibrinolytic activity of Cestrum nocturnum plant using a PTT-Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, PT- Prothrombin Time and TT-Thrombin Time as standard procedures. newlineThe phytochemical screening of the plant confirm the presence of saponin in the water and ethanolic extract, alkaloid in all the extract except hexane extract, tannin in water, ethanol and methanol extract, amino acid in water and ethanolic extract, carbohydrate in water and methanolic extract and triterpenoids and glycoside were absent in all the extracts. newlineFrom all the result it can be concluded that water extract of Cestrum nocturnum plant was found to be best among all the extract under study and from the isolates of water extract of Cestrum nocturnum plant AE5 was found to be best activity (anti-platelet, Fibrinolytic and anti-coagulant). Further fractionation of water extract generated two isolates AE5a and AE6a and after their pharmacological activity they we found to be potent phytochemical constituents. From the structural elucidation study of AE5a and AE6a were identified as Rutin and quercetin respectively. newlineFor in vitro coagulation assays, aqueous extract of plant prolonged APTT, TT, and PT clotting times in a dose-dependent manner. It prolonged APTT clotting time from 45 ± 2 (2mg/mL) to 82.2 ± 2.63s (10mg/mL), PT clotting time from 20.4 ± 1.49 (2mg/mL) to 31.4 ± 2.15s (10mg/mL), and TT clotting time from 9.2 ± 1.16 (2mg/mL) to 17.4 ± 1.01s (10mg/mL) at the concentration of 2 to 10mg/mL. Heparin prolonged APTT and PT clotting times more than 111.8s and 40.8s, respectively, at a concentration of 1 IU/mL. Heparin prolonged TT clotting times more than 20.6s at a concentration of 1 IU/mL. newlineFrom this study it was concluded that the flavoinoidal compound i.e. Rutin and Quercetin were present in the Cestrum nocturnum plant and they both responsible for the anti-platelet, Fibrinolytic ad anticoagulant activity of plant. newlineKey Word: Cestrum nocturnum, Thromboplastin, Prothrombin