Microstrip Antenna Using Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

The size reduction of microstrip patch antenna is an important design consideration for the communication development in practical aspects. In this thesis five different microstrip patch antenna is designed with different shapes on FR-4 (and#949;_r=4.4) substrate. In order to decrease the antenna size and improved its gain Genetic Algorithm optimization is used to optimize the antenna structure. The optimization with genetic algorithm is corporate with high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) to obtain the optimal values of patch antenna. newlineIn first design an E-shape patch antenna is design with rectangular slit and circular slot for 2.4 GHz frequency range. Genetic algorithm is applied on different parameters of patch antenna i.e. length, width and return loss. After optimization 55% size is reduced of antenna design but performance is not that much improved so for the second design slot technique is applied. In second design a U-slot patch antenna with truncated corner is optimized at 1-5 GHz range and multiband performance of antenna is achieved. In third design double optimization process is applied on a novel rectangular shape antenna with rectangular slit and circular slot. After double optimization process size of antenna is reduced 44% and performance is enhanced. Fourth and fifth designs are application based antenna design on 2.45 GHz (ISM Band) and 2.4 GHz (WI-FI/WI-MAX/ WLAN). After optimization in both designs size is reduced 40% and 70% and gain is enhanced. newline newline