Studies on Biological effect of green synthesized metal nanoparticles from different parts of Andrographis paniculata_ A Biogenic approach

Abstract

Intensified use of nanoparticles in day to day life in last few decades has raised concern about their toxicity and effect on human heath as well as ecosystem. The concerned issue has raised expedition for preparation of biocompatible nanoparticles. Green synthesis using different plant and bacterial extract has been proved as one of the best solution. This study reports synthesis of biocompatible AuNP, AgNP, ZnONP and CuONP using medicinal plant extract and asses their in vivo biocompatibility using embryonic zebrafish model. Moreover, the availability of Andrographis paniculata plant is seasonal in a year. The extract was found to contain with different biomolecules as determined by GCMS analysis. Among the forty compounds of Andrographis paniculata only ten compounds were found in a higher percentage. Green synthesized NPs were further characterized by different techniques for their physiochemical properties. The images taken by FESEM of synthesized nanoparticles show the size ranging from 20-30nm in gold, 15-20nm in silver, 96-115nm in zinc and nm in copper. Gold nanoparticles found to be more toxic against gram positive bacteria. Biosynthesized AgNPs were observed to exhibit more antimicrobial activity on Gram negative microorganisms than Gram positive ones. Zinc and Copper nanoparticles also inhibited the Gram positive microorganisms more than Gram negative bacteria. Nanotoxicity of nanoparticles refers to the efficient physiological and cellular changes induced by them in a live model. Mortality rate was found to be enhanced in NPs exposure while hatching rate was diminished. To substantiate and evaluate the effect of AuNP, AgNP, ZnONP and CuONP on oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos, evaluation of ROS generation due to their uptake inside cells was performed. The investigations done in this study at molecular and embryonic level revealed the estimated toxicity of gold, silver, zinc, and copper nanoparticles to Zebrafish embryos and depicted the significance of green synthesis. newline